{"id":1114,"date":"2024-07-31T11:16:37","date_gmt":"2024-07-31T09:16:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.sutilweb.eu\/?page_id=1114"},"modified":"2024-07-31T11:16:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T09:16:37","slug":"15-sentencia-insert-y-select","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/databases\/sql\/15-sentencia-insert-y-select\/","title":{"rendered":"15. Sentencia INSERT y SELECT"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para poder <strong>insertar un registro<\/strong> hacemos uso de la instrucci\u00f3n <strong><em>INSERT INTO<\/em><\/strong>, la cual tiene hasta 3 formas distintas de insertar registros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ejm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">-- Mala pr\u00e1ctica\nINSERT INTO usuarios VALUES(0, \"Francisco\",\"Paredes\",\"info@sutilweb.eu\",\"Direcci\u00f3n\",51);\n\n-- Buena pr\u00e1ctica\nINSERT INTO usuarios (nombre, apellidos, edad) VALUES (\"Francisco\",\"Paredes\",51);\n\n-- Otra forma no muy utilizada\nINSERT INTO usuarios SET nombre = \"Francisco\", apellidos = \"Paredes\", edad = 51;\n\n-- Insertar varios registros\nINSERT INTO usuarios (nombre, apellidos, edad) VALUES \n (\"Francisco\",\"Paredes\",51),\n (\"Ines\",\"Paredes\",38),\n (\"Eva\",\"Paredes\",24);<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leer datos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La instrucci\u00f3n para leer los datos es <strong><em>SELECT,<\/em><\/strong> que utiliza la siguiente sintaxis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">-- Leer todos los datos\nSELECT * FROM usuarios;\n\n-- Leer algunos datos\nSELECT nombre, apellidos, edad FROM usuarios;\n\n-- N\u00famero de registros\nSELECT COUNT(*) FROM usuarios;\n\n-- Cla\u00fasula WHERE\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre=\"Francisco\";\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre IN(\"Francisco\",\"In\u00e9s\",\"Eva\");\n\n-- Uso del operador LIKE\n-- Empiezan con la letra F\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre LIKE \"F%\";\n-- Terminan con la letra o\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre LIKE \"%o\";\n-- Empiezan con la letra F y terminan con la letra o\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre LIKE \"F%o\";\n\n-- Uso del operador NOT LIKE\n-- Funciona al contrario que el operador LIKE\nSELECT * FROM usuarios NOT LIKE \"F%\"\n\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La cla\u00fasula <strong><em>WHERE<\/em><\/strong> se suele utilizar con el comando <strong><em>SELECT<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operadores relacionales<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veamos ahora ejms de uso de los operadores relacionales con el comando <strong><em>WHERE<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ejm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">-- Registros mayores que 18\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE edad &gt; 18;\n-- Registros mayores o iguales que 18\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE edad &gt;= 18;\n\n-- Registros iguales a 18\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE edad = 18;\n\n-- Registros diferentes a 18\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE edad &lt;&gt; 18;\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE edad != 18;<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operadores l\u00f3gicos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los t\u00edpicos operadores l\u00f3gicos son:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>OR<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>AND<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>NOT:<\/em><\/strong> Negar un valor diferente<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ejm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">-- Operador de la negaci\u00f3n\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE NOT nombre = \"Francisco\"; \n\n-- Comparar m\u00e1s de un campo con el operador AND \n-- (ambas condiciones se deben cumplir)\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre = \"Francisco\" AND edad &gt; 18;\n\n-- Mostrar uno u otro valor con OR\n-- (se debe cumplir una u otra condici\u00f3n)\nSELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre = \"Francisco\" OR edad &gt; 18;<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para poder insertar un registro hacemos uso de la instrucci\u00f3n INSERT INTO, la cual tiene hasta 3 formas distintas de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1076,"menu_order":14,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1114","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Sutil Web","author_link":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/author\/sutilweb\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Para poder insertar un registro hacemos uso de la instrucci\u00f3n INSERT INTO, la cual tiene hasta 3 formas distintas de [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1114"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1114\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1115,"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1114\/revisions\/1115"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sutilweb.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}